The Vine of Israel
Hosea 10
Israel is likened to a vine that has multiplied altars and pillars in proportion to its prosperity, and its false calf-worship and its kings shall be swept away and mourned. The people are urged to sow for themselves in righteousness and to seek the Lord, with a warning of destruction on their strongholds because of their sins.
About these editions
The Septuagint (LXX) in Greek, with Charles Thomson’s 1808 and Sir Lancelot Brenton’s 1851 English translations, set beside the King James Version and the Jewish Masoretic text (JPS 1917) where they align, so you can compare the Greek and the Hebrew. All public domain; choose which to show with the controls above.
Thomson 1808Septuagint
Brenton 1851Septuagint
Greek · BrentonSeptuagint
KJV 1769Masoretic
JPS 1917Masoretic
1
ThomsonISRAEL was a vine with beautiful branches; the fruit thereof was abundant. In proportion to the abundance of his fruit he multiplied altars: in proportion to the good things of his land he erected pillars.
BrentonIsrael is a vine with goodly branches, her fruit is abundant: according to the multitude of her fruits she has multiplied her altars; according to the wealth of his land, he has set up pillars.
GreekἌμπελος εὐκηματοῦσα Ἰσραὴλ, ὁ καρπὸς εὐθηνῶν αὐτῆς· κατὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῆς, ἐπλήθυνε τὰ θυσιαστήρια· κατὰ τὰ ἀγαθὰ τῆς γῆς αὐτοῦ, ᾠκοδόμησε στήλας.
KJVIsrael is an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit unto himself: according to the multitude of his fruit he hath increased the altars; according to the goodness of his land they have made goodly images.
JPSIsrael was a luxuriant vine, Which put forth fruit freely: As his fruit increased, He increased his altars; The more goodly his land was, The more goodly were his pillars.
2
ThomsonThey divided their hearts; they shall now be destroyed. He will demolish their altars. Their pillars shall be in extreme distress.
BrentonThey have divided their hearts; now shall they be utterly destroyed: he shall dig down their altars, their pillars shall mourn.
GreekἘμέρισαν καρδίας αὐτῶν, νῦν ἀφανισθήσονται· αὐτὸς κατασκάψει τὰ θυσιαστήρια αὐτῶν, ταλαιπωρήσουσιν αἱ στῆλαι αὐτῶν.
KJVTheir heart is divided; now shall they be found faulty: he shall break down their altars, he shall spoil their images.
JPSTheir heart is divided; Now shall they bear their guilt; He will break down their altars, He will spoil their pillars.
3
ThomsonBecause they will now say, We have no king, because we feared not the Lord. But as for this king, what can he do for us?
BrentonBecause now they shall say, We have no king, because we feared not the Lord:
GreekΔιότι νῦν ἐροῦσιν, οὐκ ἔστι βασιλεὺς ἡμῖν, ὅτι οὐκ ἐφοβήθημεν τὸν Κύριον· ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς τί ποιήσει ἡμῖν,
KJVFor now they shall say, We have no king, because we feared not the LORD; what then should a king do to us?
JPSSurely now shall they say: ‘We have no king; For we feared not the LORD; And the king, what can he do for us?’
4
ThomsonSpeaking words, false pretences, will he make a covenant? Will judgment spring up like a weed in an uncultivated field?
Brentonand what should a king do for us, speaking false professions as his words? he will make a covenant: judgment shall spring up as a weed on the soil of the field.
Greekλαλῶν ῥήματα προφάσεις ψευδεῖς; διαθήσεται διαθήκην, ἀνατελεῖ ὡς ἄγρωστις κρίμα ἐπὶ χέρσον ἀγροῦ.
KJVThey have spoken words, swearing falsely in making a covenant: thus judgment springeth up as hemlock in the furrows of the field.
JPSThey speak words, They swear falsely, they make covenants; Thus judgment springeth up as hemlock In the furrows of the field.
5
ThomsonLet the inhabitants of Samaria sojourn with the calf of the house of On, because its people mourned for it. Now as they provoked it, they should rejoice at its glory—that it hath been removed from them.
BrentonThe inhabitants of Samaria shall dwell near the calf of the house of On; for the people of it mourned for it: and as they provoked him, they shall rejoice at his glory, because he has departed from them.
GreekΤῷ μόσχῳ τοῦ οἴκου Ὦν παροικήσουσιν οἱ κατοικοῦντες Σαμάρειαν, ὅτι ἐπένθησε λαὸς αὐτοῦ ἐπʼ αὐτόν· καὶ καθὼς παρεπίκραναν αὐτὸν, ἐπιχαροῦνται ἐπὶ τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, ὅτι μετῳκίσθη ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
KJVThe inhabitants of Samaria shall fear because of the calves of Bethaven: for the people thereof shall mourn over it, and the priests thereof that rejoiced on it, for the glory thereof, because it is departed from it.
JPSThe inhabitants of Samaria shall be in dread For the calves of Beth-aven; For the people thereof shall mourn over it, And the priests thereof shall tremble for it, For its glory, because it is departed from it.
6
ThomsonThey indeed having bound it, carried it to the Assyrians, as a present to the king Iarim. As an homage gift of Ephraim he will receive it, and Israel shall be exposed to shame by his counsel.
BrentonAnd having bound it for the Assyrians, they carried it away as presents to king Jarim: Ephraim shall receive a gift, and Israel shall be ashamed of his counsel.
GreekΚαὶ αὐτὸν εἰς Ἀσσυρίους δήσαντες, ἀπήνεγκαν ξένια τῷ βασιλεῖ Ἰαρείμ· ἐν δόματι Ἐφραὶμ δέξεται, καὶ αἰσχυνθήσεται Ἰσραὴλ ἐν τῇ βουλῇ αὐτοῦ.
KJVIt shall be also carried unto Assyria for a present to king Jareb: Ephraim shall receive shame, and Israel shall be ashamed of his own counsel.
JPSIt also shall be carried unto Assyria, For a present to King Contentious; Ephraim shall receive shame, And Israel shall be ashamed of his own counsel.
7
ThomsonSamaria hath cast away her king as a chip on the surface of water.
BrentonSamaria has cast off her king as a twig on the surface of the water.
GreekἈπέῤῥιψεν Σαμάρεια βασιλέα αὐτῆς ὡς φρύγανον ἐπὶ προσώπου ὕδατος·
KJVAs for Samaria, her king is cut off as the foam upon the water.
JPSAs for Samaria, her king is cut off, As foam upon the water.
8
ThomsonThe altars of On, the stumbling blocks of Israel, shall indeed be taken away; thorns and thistles shall grow on their altars, and they will say to the hills, cover us, and to the mounts, Fall upon us.
BrentonAnd the altars of On, the sins of Israel, shall be taken away: thorns and thistles shall come up on their altars; and they shall say to the mountains, Cover us; and to the hills, Fall on us.
GreekΚαὶ ἐξαρθήσονται βωμοὶ Ὦν ἁμαρτήματα τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, ἄκανθαι καὶ τρίβολοι ἀναβήσονται ἐπὶ τὰ θυσιαστήρια αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐροῦσι τοῖς ὄρεσι, καλύψατε ἡμᾶς, καὶ τοῖς βουνοῖς, πέσατε ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς.
KJVThe high places also of Aven, the sin of Israel, shall be destroyed: the thorn and the thistle shall come up on their altars; and they shall say to the mountains, Cover us; and to the hills, Fall on us.
JPSThe high places also of Aven shall be destroyed, Even the sin of Israel. The thorn and the thistle shall come up on their altars; And they shall say to the mountains: ‘Cover us’, And to the hills: ‘Fall on us.’
9
ThomsonFrom the time of those mounts, Israel sinned: it was there they stood. Should not battle against these children of iniquity overtake them on this mount,
BrentonFrom the time the hills existed Israel has sinned: there they stood: war waged against the children of iniquity
GreekἈφʼ οὗ οἱ βουνοὶ, ἥμαρτεν Ἰσραήλ, ἐκεῖ ἔστησαν· οὐ μὴ καταλάβῃ αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ βουνῷ πόλεμος ἐπὶ τὰ τὲκνα ἀδικίας
KJVO Israel, thou hast sinned from the days of Gibeah: there they stood: the battle in Gibeah against the children of iniquity did not overtake them.
JPSFrom the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; There they stood; No battle was to overtake them in Gibeah, Nor the children of arrogancy.
10
Thomsonto chastise them? Peoples shall indeed be gathered against them, when they are corrected for their two iniquities.
Brentonto chastise them shall not overtake them on the hill, the nations shall be gathered against them, when they are chastened for their two sins.
Greekπαιδεῦσαι αὐτούς· καὶ συναχθήσονται ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς λαοὶ, ἐν τῷ παιδεύεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἐν ταῖς δυσὶν ἀδικίαις αὐτῶν.
KJVIt is in my desire that I should chastise them; and the people shall be gathered against them, when they shall bind themselves in their two furrows.
JPSWhen it is My desire, I will chastise them; And the peoples shall be gathered against them, When they are yoked to their two rings.
11
ThomsonEphraim is a heifer taught to love victory; but I will come against her beautiful neck; I will bring Ephraim into subjection; I will cause Juda to keep silence; Jacob shall wrestle for himself.
BrentonEphraim is a heifer taught to love victory, but I will come upon the fairest part of her neck: I will mount Ephraim; I will pass over Juda in silence; Jacob shall prevail against him.
GreekἘφραὶμ δάμαλις δεδιδαγμένη ἀγαπᾷν νῖκος, ἐγὼ δὲ ἐπελεύσομαι ἐπὶ τὸ κάλλιστον τοῦ τραχήλου αὐτῆς· ἐπιβιβῶ Ἐφραὶμ, παρασιωπήσομαι Ἰούδαν, ἐνισχύσει αὐτῷ Ἰακώβ.
KJVAnd Ephraim is as an heifer that is taught, and loveth to tread out the corn; but I passed over upon her fair neck: I will make Ephraim to ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break his clods.
JPSAnd Ephraim is a heifer well broken, That loveth to thresh, And I have passed over upon her fair neck; I will make Ephraim to ride, Judah shall plow, Jacob shall break his clods.
12
Thomson(p) Sow for yourselves for righteousness; gather in the fruit of life. Light up for yourselves the light of knowledge. Seek the Lord until the fruits of righteousness come for you.
BrentonSow to yourselves for righteousness, gather in for the fruit of life: light ye for yourselves the light of knowledge; seek the Lord till the fruits of righteousness come upon you.
GreekΣπείρατε ἑαυτοῖς εἰς δικαιοσύνην, τρυγήσατε εἰς καρπὸν ζωῆς, φωτίσατε ἑαυτοῖς φῶς γνώσεως, ἐκζητήσατε τὸν Κύριον ἕως τοῦ ἐλθεῖν γεννήματα δικαιοσύνης ὑμῖν.
KJVSow to yourselves in righteousness, reap in mercy; break up your fallow ground: for it is time to seek the LORD, till he come and rain righteousness upon you.
JPSSow to yourselves according to righteousness, Reap according to mercy, Break up your fallow ground; For it is time to seek the LORD, Till He come and cause righteousness to rain upon you.
13
ThomsonWhy have you concealed impiety and gathered in the iniquities thereof? You have eaten false fruit. (J) Because thou hast trusted in thy sins, and in the multitude of thine army,
BrentonWherefore have ye passed over ungodliness in silence, and reaped the sins of it? ye have eaten false fruit; for thou hast trusted in thy sins, in the abundance of thy power.
GreekἹνατί παρεσιωπήσατε ἀσέβειαν, καὶ τὰς ἀδικίας αὐτῆς ἐτρυγήσατε; ἐφάγετε καρπὸν ψευδῆ, ὅτι ἤλπισας ἐν τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασί σου, ἐν πλήθει δυνάμεώς σου.
KJV—
JPS—
14
Thomsontherefore destruction shall be raised up among thy people; and all thy fortifications shall be swept away, as chief Salamin was out of the house of Jeroboam. In the days of battle a mother was dashed to pieces upon her children.
BrentonTherefore shall destruction rise up among thy people, and all thy strong places shall be ruined: as prince Solomon departed out of the house of Jeroboam, in the days of battle they dashed the mother to the ground upon the children,
GreekΚαὶ ἐξαναστήσεται ἀπώλεια ἐν τῷ λαῷ σου, καὶ πάντα τὰ περιτετειχισμένα σου οἰχήσεται· ὡς ἄρχεν Σαλαμὰν ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ Ἱεροβοὰμ, ἐν ἡμέραις πολέμου μητέρα ἐπὶ τέκνοις ἠδάφισαν,
KJVTherefore shall a tumult arise among thy people, and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Betharbel in the day of battle: the mother was dashed in pieces upon her children.
JPSTherefore shall a tumult arise among thy hosts, And all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, As Shalman spoiled Beth-arbel in the day of battle; The mother was dashed in pieces with her children.
15
ThomsonIn this manner I will deal with you, O house of Israel, because of the perverseness of your iniquities. (p) Early in the morning they have been rejected! the king of Israel is cast off!
Brentonthus will I do to you, O house of Israel, because of the unrighteousness of your sins.
Greekοὕτως ποιήσω ὑμῖν οἶκος τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ προσώπου ἀδικίας κακιῶν ὑμῶν.
KJVSo shall Bethel do unto you because of your great wickedness: in a morning shall the king of Israel utterly be cut off.
JPSSo hath Beth-el done unto you Because of your great wickedness; At daybreak is the king of Israel utterly cut off.